- The Maldives administration has decided not to extend a hydrographic survey deal with India, signalling a dramatic shift in bilateral ties.
Background Information about the Hydrographic Survey Pact
- The Characteristics of Hydrographic Surveys: These surveys entail charting water bodies in order to ensure safe and efficient marine transit.
- Agreement for 2019: During Prime Minister Modi’s state visit to the Maldives in June 2019, an MoU for hydrographic cooperation between the Indian Navy and the Maldives National Defence Force (MNDF) was signed.
Activities under the Pact
- Joint Hydrographic Surveys: Three joint surveys were undertaken in 2021, 2022, and 2023, using Indian Naval Ships such as the INS Darshak and INS Sutlej.
- Survey Goals: The surveys sought to update navigational charts and promote industries such as tourism and fishing. They also included tidal studies and the discovery of new shoals.
- India donated hydrographic equipment and training to MNDF personnel, in line with its goal of assisting the Maldives in developing hydrographic capabilities.
Agreements on Hydrographic Surveys between India and Other Countries
- India has done hydrographic studies in a number of nations, including Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Bangladesh.
- International collaboration: The National Hydrographic Office emphasises the possibilities for international hydrographic collaboration, particularly in places with low capacities.
Reasons behind Maldives’ Decision
- Regime Change: The election of Mohamed Muizzu of the Progressive Party of Maldives (PPM), who is considered as more pro-China, contrasts with President Solih’s pro-India position.
- Geopolitical Dynamics: China’s growing influence in the Indian Ocean area, notably through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), has had an effect on India’s traditional sphere of influence in the Maldives.
- ‘India Out’ Initiative: Allegations of Indian military activity, as well as the new administration’s emphasis on national security and hydrographic self-reliance, impacted this decision.
Possible outcomes
- The Maldives’ choice underscores the changing geopolitical realities in the Indian Ocean, with rising Chinese influence threatening India’s historic position.
- The Effect on India-Maldives Relations: This development might signal a shift in Maldives foreign policy, affecting India’s strategic interests in the area.
Source: https://thewire.in/diplomacy/maldives-seeks-to-terminate-hydrographic-survey-agreement-with-india