Month: November 2022

Improving Policing Quality? Centre-State Collaboration Required

Post author By balancedreport
Post date November 11, 2022

The union home minister, a few state home ministers, and police chiefs attended a meeting organized by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) in the capital at the end of October. The Delhi conference was a crucial event intended to boost the nation’s policing standards through an intellectual interchange.

Present status of Policing

A Tamil Nadu case study The way the recent bomb in Coimbatore and a potential terror-related plan were handled by the Tamil Nadu police also fits this picture and is pertinent to the situation of law and order both in the State and outside.

Delay in severe cases: A segment of the public with sway has accused the Tamil Nadu government of being slothful and delaying giving the National Probe Agency the investigation of the occurrence (NIA). The State Director General of Police (DGP) refuted this, stating that his agency was required to conduct the preliminary inquiry in order to permit an NIA takeover and that it was not possible for them to abruptly discontinue the investigation.

Shifting the blame: The two sides’ verbal sparring has been a regrettable and preventable development, and the truth rests somewhere in the middle. What is more crucial than engaging in a verbal brawl is a review of the existing standard operating procedures, the detection of gaps, and the implementation of corrective actions.

What is a better approach?

Collaboration: It goes without saying that New Delhi is the elder party in this relationship, which is unquestionably one of collaboration. However, there have been events over the years that have seriously damaged public order.

Create a strong sense of camaraderie: These have been the kinds of scenarios that called for a lot of well-trained policemen. With assistance from the Central Reserve Police Force, the Center has consistently contributed (CRPF). There have also been other organizations that have collaborated with the State Police, including the Border Security Force (BSF), the Indo Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), and the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF). Therefore, it becomes sense that the MHA and State Police put their differences aside and instead consider how to develop a solid companionship.

We frequently observe conflicts between States and the Center over the usage or alleged use of the Central Bureau of Investigation. State must collaborate with centre (CBI). Once more, both parties are accountable. However, the fundamental point that has been overlooked is that interstate implications of crime and bureaucratic corruption are something that can only be addressed by a national body.

CBI is required to investigate state-level corruption: Few States’ insensitive decision to revoke the CBI’s permission to operate within their borders reeks of politics and vengeance, which weakens the effort to combat public servant corruption.

Union Government’s role

State must work with the centre: We also regularly observe conflicts between States and the centre on the usage or alleged use of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). Again, all parties are accountable in this situation. However, the fundamental fact that has gone unmentioned is that corruption in government and crime have cross-border implications, and that only a national organisation can provide the much-needed global perspective.

For state-level corruption, the CBI is necessary: The fight against public servant graft suffers as a result of some States’ insensitive decision to revoke their permission for the CBI to operate in their jurisdiction.

Strong political leadership: Petty arguments stifle discussion and weaken the police’s ability to respond to emergency situations that call for their assistance. This is why we require political leadership that encourages a free interchange of skills and resources between New Delhi and the States rather than becoming mired down in minor disagreements.

@the-end

Technology’s exponential growth has had a tremendous impact on how crimes are committed. Our Police must receive excellent, up-to-date training. Politics in the center-state must be separated from police matters.

Economics

Pashmina Wool in news!

Post author By balancedreport
Post date November 11, 2022

The inclusion of “Shahtoosh” guard hair, which is sourced from endangered Tibetan antelopes, has led to many of the export consignments of Pashmina shawl traders being flagged for the purpose of “obsolete testing techniques,” they claim.

Shahtoosh, on the other hand, is the fine undercoat fibre obtained from the Tibetan Antelope, known locally as ‘Chiru’, a species living mainly in the northern parts of the Changthang Plateau in Tibet.

About Pashmina

A premium variety of Cashmere wool called Pashmina. In Kashmir, it was initially weaved into textiles.
The wool is produced by a variety of cashmere goat species, including the Changthangi or Kashmir Pashmina goat, which is native to sections of Himachal Pradesh, the Ladakh region, and the Changthang Plateau in Tibet.
In Kashmir and Nepal, this fabric is frequently used to make shawls known as Shahmina; these shawls are hand spun and weaved from the incredibly fine cashmere fibre.
The Changpa people are regarded as traditional pashmina wool producers.
An Indian Standard for the identification, marking, and labelling of Pashmina items with GI tags has been published by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) to attest to the textile’s purity.

Pashmina Goat

A unique breed of goat native to the high-altitude areas of Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir is the Changthangi or Pashmina goat.
They are raised for the extremely fine cashmere wool that was previously made into pashmina. The hand-spun textiles were originally woven in Kashmir.
The Kashmir Pashmina wool, the world’s finest cashmere with a fibre thickness ranging from 12 to 15 microns, comes from the Changthangi goat, which also has a thick undercoat that is known for its wariness.
In the Changthang region of Greater Ladakh, nomadic communities known as the Changpa typically domesticate and rear these goats.
The Changthang, Leh, and Ladakh regions’ economies have been revived by the Changthangi goats.

Environment & Biodiversity

Lowest Groundwater Extraction in 18 years

Post author By balancedreport
Post date November 11, 2022

In India, groundwater extraction has decreased over 18 years, according to a Central Ground Water Board review (CGWB).

Declining trend of Groundwater Extraction

In 2022, the nation’s total annual groundwater recharge will be 437.6 billion cubic metres (bcm).
However, the 2022 CGWB report states that the total country’s extraction is just 239,16 bcm.
The annual groundwater recharge was 436 bcm while the annual groundwater extraction was 245 bcm, according to a 2020 assessment.
According to the 2022 assessment, groundwater extraction is at its lowest level since 2004, when it reached 231 bcm.

Effects of the CGWB report

The assessment’s in-depth study reveals an increase in ground water recharge.
This is primarily due to:
1. An increase in canal seepage recharge,
2. Recharge from water bodies, tanks, and water conservation structures, as well as irrigation water return flow.

Impact of Groundwater Depletion

Water table lowering: Groundwater depletion may cause the water table to drop, making it more challenging to remove groundwater for use.
Reduction of water in streams and lakes: Groundwater seepage into streambeds is a major source of the water that flows through rivers. Water flow in these streams may be reduced by groundwater depletion.
Land subsidence: The soil is frequently supported by groundwater. When the water is removed, this equilibrium is disrupted, causing the soil to contract, descend, and collapse, resulting in land subsidence.
Extraction of water is more expensive since it must be done at greater depths due to the declining groundwater levels that are lowering the water table. This will make getting water more expensive.

Regulation of Groundwater in India

Authority for Central Ground Water (CGWA): Its task is to oversee the nation’s ground water management and development. It was established in accordance with the 1986 Environment (Protection) Act. For ground water withdrawal, CGWA publishes advisories, public notifications, and grants No Objection Certificates (NOC).

Program for the National Aquifer Mapping and Management (NAQUIM): The Ministry of Jal Shakti has launched an effort called NAQUIM to map and manage the nation’s extensive aquifer systems. It updates India’s hydrological map.

Atal Bhujal Yojana: It is a Central Sector Scheme for the community-based sustainable management of groundwater resources in water-stressed blocks.

@the-end

Regular survey: It is important to regularly assess groundwater levels in order to have sufficient information for developing new strategies and policies.

Assessment of land use: Research should be done to determine how much agricultural land is used and how much of it is occupied by overtly exploited units.

Modifications to farming practices: On-farm water management strategies and improved irrigation techniques should be employed in order to improve the water table in places where it is being overused.

Changes to power supply subsidies are required because the flat rate of electricity negatively impacts how much groundwater is used in agriculture.

Monitoring extraction: In order to ensure long-term sustainability, a policy should be in place to keep an eye on the overuse of groundwater resources.

Environment & Biodiversity

Causes of and solutions to the Delhi Air Pollution

Post author By balancedreport
Post date November 11, 2022

Here is a look at the history of the issue and what actions the elected governments of Delhi and the Centre have implemented throughout time to reduce air pollution as it has become a yearly occurrence in New Delhi and the NCR.

Causes of Poor Air Quality

One of the factors contributing to poor air quality are motor vehicle emissions.
The coal-fired power station Badarpur Thermal Power Station was another significant contributor to Delhi’s air pollution.
Wet cooling towers are used extensively in industry and other industries to dissipate heat in cooling systems, and as a result, their drift/mist emissions are also a source of particulate matter.
Despite the fact that Delhi is kerosene-free and 90% of households use LPG, the other 10% cook with wood, crop waste, cow dung, and coal. (Indian Census, 2011)
In Delhi, airborne particulates are primarily caused by fires in the Bhalswa dump.
Left-wing activists frequently blame Delhi’s bad air quality on the burning of effigies during Vijayadashami and the setting off of firecrackers during Diwali.
Since the 1980s, when crops are being harvested, agricultural stubble burning in Haryana and Punjab, together with north-westerly winds, also has an impact on Delhi’s air quality.

Revised Air Quality standards

The Central Pollution Control Board (CPB) set the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) (CPCB).
It assessed pollutants like Sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and PM10 (particulate matter with a diameter greater than 10 microns).
Twelve categories of pollutants, including PM2.5 (particulate matter with a diameter under 2.5 microns), were added to the NAAQS in a 2009 revision.
The main source of particle matter (PM) emissions is the combustion of fuels used in the transportation, energy, residential, commercial, and agricultural sectors.

Finally arriving @ Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP)

The permissible yearly limit for PM2.5 is 40 ug/m3, and for PM10 it is 60 ug/m3, according to the amended NAAQS.
In the winter of 2016, Delhi had one of the worst cases of smog brought on by pollution, with PM2.5 and PM10 levels in some areas of Delhi reaching a staggering 999 ug/m3 on November 1.
The Supreme Court subsequently instructed Delhi and NCR authorities to create a plan to address the air pollution in November 2016.
The Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) was released by the MoEFCC at the beginning of 2017.

Governance Minority Issues

Effects of the Pandemic on the Vulnerable Section: SC, ST, and OBC

Post author By balancedreport
Post date November 11, 2022

As a result of the pandemic’s disproportionate effects on SC/ST and OBC communities’ vulnerabilities, which are revealed by a number of social indices.

Impact on Education

Notably, following the epidemic, the promotion rate among students belonging to Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) groups rose significantly. Students from Other Backward Classes (OBC) saw an unbroken increase in the promotion rate.

Repetition rates are declining: During the pandemic years, the rates of pupils repeating classes were too significantly reduced, with only 1% of students in all areas doing so. Notably, after the epidemic, the disparity in repetition rates between SC/ST students and general category students significantly decreased.

Declining learning outcomes: The National Achievement Survey (NAS) exam results for school pupils showed a considerable decline in grades across classes and in the majority of courses, while the promotion rate increased and the repetition rate decreased.

Disproportionate impact: SC and ST students are disproportionately more affected than other groups since they saw the greatest declines in learning results and the greatest increases in promotion rates.

Impact on their livelihood

High likelihood of losing one’s job: The researchers discovered that the likelihood of losing one’s job was three times higher for SC and OBC workers than it was for those from upper castes.

Comparatively higher unemployment: By April 2020, just 32% of upper caste workers were employed, down from 39% in December 2019. The decline was more significant for SC personnel, of whom only 24% remained employed in April 2020 compared to 44% in December 2019. The declines were 40% to 26% and 48% to 33%, respectively, for OBCs and STs.

Research indicates that the upper castes are endowed with more human capital, i.e. educational achievement, and are in occupations that are less susceptible to pandemic disruption. The impact on scheduled caste is three times worse, which is shocking. The pandemic not only revealed the pre-existing injustices, but it also made them worse.

Impact on women

Effect on mental health: Compared to women from high castes, women from low castes may experience lower mental health outcomes and feel more alone.

Prior studies have shown that low-caste women are more likely to experience social isolation, job loss, and healthcare access hurdles, which may lead to worse mental health and increased levels of loneliness.

Rising loneliness: Compared to women in the general caste group, women in the SC/ST and OBC groups will have worse mental health and a higher perception of loneliness. We anticipate that even after taking sociodemographic factors into account, this disparity will remain significant.

Women in general, and women from disadvantaged groups in particular, are victims of various systemic disadvantages, which were made worse by the epidemic. Women in rural areas, particularly female wage laborer’s, experienced severe socioeconomic hardships as a result of the lockdown, which abruptly ended their options for employment.

Visible gendered effects of the pandemic: The gendered effects of the pandemic are not natural, but social norms and behaviour place individuals at higher risk because of ingrained gender bias in the social structure and culture.

@the-end

The Indian society has been disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. SC, ST, and OBC were at a disadvantage when it came to vaccinations and healthcare access. Numerous studies and analyses have evaluated the impact of the coronavirus on different castes and projected the dire situation of vulnerable populations. When developing future policies for vulnerable populations, the government must take into consideration all of this statistics.

Art & Culture Science & Tech

India’s first private sector rocket—Vikram-S

Post author By balancedreport
Post date November 10, 2022

The launch of Vikram-S, India’s first privately developed rocket, is scheduled for November 12–16.

VIKRAM-S

India’s first privately developed rocket, the Vikram-S, is about to launch as a component of the Prarambh space mission.
In addition to carrying three customer payloads, it is a single-stage sub-orbital launch vehicle that will help test and validate most of the technology used in the Vikram series of space launch vehicles.
Skyroot Aerospace, based in Hyderabad, created it.
Three payloads, including a 2.5-kilogram payload created by students from several nations, will be sent into orbit as part of the Prarambh mission.
In honour of Vikram Sarabhai, the pioneer of the Indian space programme and a prominent scientist, Skyroot’s launch vehicles bear the name ‘Vikram’.

Mission’s Importance

Skyroot will send a rocket into space with this mission, making it the first commercial space firm in India.
For the space industry, which was opened up in 2020 to encourage private sector participation, it represents the beginning of a new era.
The ISRO and IN-SPACe provided substantial support for the Prarambh mission (Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre).

coming2basics; IN-SPACE

In June 2020, IN-launch SPACe’s was announced.
It is an independent, single-window nodal body within the Department of Space responsible for promoting, encouraging, and regulating both public and private sector space operations.
Additionally, it makes it easier for private organisations to use ISRO facilities.
Along with safety, academic, legal, and strategic specialists from other departments, it includes technical experts for space activities.
Members of the PMO and MEA of the Indian government are also included.

Roles and Responsibilities

According to the definition of space activities, these activities include creating satellites and launch vehicles as well as offering space-based services.
sharing of space infrastructure and locations under ISRO control while taking current activities into account
construction of temporary buildings within ISRO-controlled areas based on safety standards and feasibility analysis.

Difference between Vikram-S and ANTRIX

Antrix Corporation Limited (ACL), a government-owned company with headquarters in Bengaluru, is fully supervised by the Department of Space.
It serves as the marketing division of ISRO and is responsible for the commercialization of space products, technical consulting services, and the transfer of ISRO-developed technologies.
Antrix works to provide Space goods and services to clients internationally and globally.

New Space India Limited (NSIL)

The Department of Space has administrative responsibility over Antrix Corporation Limited (ACL), a fully owned government of India company in Bengaluru.
It serves as the marketing division of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) for the promotion and commercial exploitation of space products, technical consulting services, and technology transfer.
International clients all over the world can purchase space-related goods and services from Antrix.

Tags ISRO Missions & Discoveries

Art & Culture Science & Tech

Collab of Social Media Regulation with Free Speech

Post author By balancedreport
Post date November 10, 2022

Facebook, one of the major social media platforms, has established the Oversight Board, an impartial organisation that examines its “content moderation” procedures.

The IT rules of 2021

Regulating social media intermediaries (SMIs): Governments from all around the world are debating how to regulate social media intermediaries (SMIs).

Addressing the concerns about SMI limiting free speech: It is critical for governments to update their regulatory framework in order to deal with new challenges given the complexity of the issue, the significance of SMIs in influencing public discourse, the impact of their governance on the freedom of speech and expression, the volume of information they host, and the ongoing technological advancements that affect it.

In order to address these difficulties, India revised its ten-year-old regulations on SMIs in 2021 with the IT Rules, 2021, which were largely designed to impose requirements on SMIs in order to guarantee an open, safe, and reliable internet.

Recent amendments?

The stated goals of the proposed revisions, which were released as a draught in June 2022, were triangular.
safeguarding constitutional rights: It was necessary to ensure that major IT companies did not violate the rights and interests of internet users under the Constitution.
Grievance resolution To make the Rules’ framework for resolving complaints stronger,
In order to avoid dominance: Early-stage Indian start-ups shouldn’t be impacted by compliance with these.
This resulted in a series of changes that may be broadly divided into two groups.
SMI has additional obligations: The first category includes adding more requirements to the SMIs to assure stronger user interest protection.
Appeal procedure: The establishment of an appellate procedure for grievance redressal fell under the second category.

Social media a double-edged sword

Platforms that handle social media often moderate user content on their websites. Users that break the terms and conditions of their platforms have their accounts removed, given higher priority, or suspended.

Government has too much power: The government’s current restrictions on internet speech are untenable in today’s online environment. There are currently millions of users of social media. Platforms have democratized public participation, and shape public discourse.

Hate speech on the internet: As the Internet’s usage grows, so too do its potential drawbacks. Online today, there is more hazardous and unlawful content.

Disinformation campaigns: Recent examples include hate speech against the Rohingya in Myanmar and on social media during COVID19.

Compromise between regulation and free speech

Governmental directives must be followed: In addition to being necessary and appropriate, government orders to remove content must also adhere to due process.

The most recent Digital Services Act (DSA) of the European Union (EU) serves as a suitable example. In the EU, intermediary liability is governed by the DSA. Government takedown orders must be reasonable and in proportion.

Platforms should have the option to fight the government’s order: The DSA allows intermediaries the chance to defend themselves and contest the government’s decision to censor information. These procedures will firmly protect online users’ right to free speech. The most significant thing is that an intermediary law must devolve important platform-level content filtering decisions.

A co-regulation concept: Platforms must be responsible for controlling content in accordance with general government regulations. Implementing such a coregulatory framework will accomplish three goals.

The terms of services will continue to be reasonably controlled by platforms: Coregulation will enable them the freedom to establish the changing criteria for harmful content, doing away with the necessity for stringent government regulations. Because private censorship is encouraged by government control, this will advance free expression online. The consequence of private censorship is to suppress user discourse.

Platforms are subject to the rule of law: As content censors, platforms have a significant amount of power over users’ freedom of speech. Platforms must adhere to due process and make proportionate judgements whenever they remove content or address user complaints. In order to properly resolve customer complaints, they must include procedures including notice, hearings, and reasoned orders.

Algorithmic transparency: Algorithmic openness can boost platform responsibility.

@the-end

The GACs need to be reviewed because they give the government more control over censorship. The statute that would replace the IT Act is anticipated to be a Digital India Act. This is the ideal time for the government to implement a coregulatory strategy for controlling online speech.

Governance

Should the legal age of consent for adolescents be raised?

Post author By balancedreport
Post date November 10, 2022

The Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses, or POCSO, Act of 2012’s age of consent has been re-examined by the Karnataka High Court.

Age of Consent?

According to the POCSO Act, the legal age of consent for sex in India is 18. Sexual contact with a girl under the age of 18 is considered rape and her consent is not considered to be legitimate.

HC’s Statement

The issue of a girl’s permission who is 16 years old but under the age of 18 would need to be taken into account.
According to the HC, if it is in fact a violation of the POCSO Act or the Indian Penal Code, then this must be.
Sections 366 of the IPC, Section 6 of the POCSO Act, and Section 9 of the 2006 Prohibition of Child Marriage Act should be used to charge the perpetrator.

Terms of the POCSO Act?

Anyone younger than 18 is regarded as a child under the POCSO Act of 2012.
The POCSO Act considers the girl a “child” even though she is 16 years old; as a result, her consent is irrelevant, and any sexual activity is regarded as rape.

Concerns with such consent

When consent is disregarded, the accused is subject to harsh penalty.
Charges of child abuse are disproven: Several rape and kidnapping cases had their criminal processes invalidated by the courts.
The court is frequently persuaded that the law is being abused to the benefit of one or both parties.

Is the law being misused?

(1) Undermining relations of consent;

Disgruntled parents will occasionally bring a lawsuit to prevent a connection between two teenagers or kids who are approaching puberty.

Parents who wish to regulate who their daughters or sons desire to marry frequently employ POCSO.

(2) Coercion for marriage;

According to the study, eloping couples frequently do so out of dread of their parents’ disapproval.

The boy’s parents then file charges against him under the POCSO Act for rape and the IPC or the 2006 Prohibition of Child Marriage Act for abduction with the intention of marriage.

Judicial interpretations

When dismissing a POCSO complaint in the Vijaylakshmi v. State Rep case in 2021, the Madras High Court stated that the definition of “child” under Section 2(d) of the POCSO Act can be changed to 16 instead of 18.
The court recommended a maximum age difference of five years in consenting unions.
This, it claimed, will prevent a girl who is impressionable from being exploited or sexually misled by an adult who is much older.

Policy measures

The Prohibition of Child Marriage (Amendment) Bill, 2021, which proposes to raise the minimum age of marriage for women to 21 years, is being investigated by a parliamentary committee.
Raising the age, according to rights campaigners, may cause disadvantaged women to continue to be bound by social and familial expectations rather than benefiting the society.

@the-end

The government must look into the matter because the courts and rights advocates are pushing for a change to the age of consent requirements.
Adolescents must be made aware of the POCSO Act’s and the IPC’s strict regulations in the meantime.

Tags CHILD LABOUR LAWS, CHILD RIGHTS – POSCO, NAPC

Governance

Mother Tongue Survey of India (MTSI), what it is?

Post author By balancedreport
Post date November 10, 2022

The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has completed the Mother Tongue Survey of India (MTSI) with field videography of the country’s 576 languages.

The Mother Tongue Survey of India (MTSI), which included field recordings in all 576 of the nation’s official languages, has been completed by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).

The Mother Tongue Survey of India is an initiative that collects data on the mother languages that have been regularly reported for at least two census decades.

The linguistic characteristics of the chosen languages are also documented.

The term “mother language” is one that the respondent has provided, but not needs to be the same as the actual linguistic medium.

The National Film Development Corporation (NFDC) and the NIC will record and preserve the linguistic information of the mother tongues surveyed in audio-video files.

For the sake of archiving, videotaped Mother Tongue speech data will also be uploaded to the NIC survey.

‘Mother Tongues’ in India

More than 19,500 dialects are spoken in India as mother tongues, according to an examination of census data from the linguistic group conducted in 2011.
Each of them belongs to one of 121 mother tongues.
Hindi is the language used as the mother tongue by the most people, accounting for 52.8 crore people or 43.6% of the population, according to the 2011 Linguistic Census.
Bengali, which is the mother language of 9.7 crore people and is spoken by 8% of the population, comes in second.

Role of mother tongue in the education of children

Mother tongue shall be the major medium of teaching in schools for children up to the age of eight, according to the new National Curriculum Framework (NCF).
The advantages of using your mother tongue as your major language of teaching are emphasised by the new NCF, which covers pre-school and schools I through II.
According to this, kids have a good grasp of their “home language” by the time they start preschool.
This push came after the PM and Home Minister repeatedly argued for it in terms of policy.

Why emphasize more on mother tongue?

The NCF asserts that research evidence supports the significance of teaching children in their mother tongue throughout the early years and beyond.
In their native tongue, children grasp topics most quickly and thoroughly.
Therefore, in the Foundational Stage, the child’s mother tongue, native language, or preferred language should serve as the primary medium of learning.

Status of the population census

The upcoming decennial census will be the 16th to be conducted since the first exercise in 1872.
The seventh census since independence will take place.
The Covid-19 pandemic outbreak caused the census to be delayed from its original 2021 date.

Updates in the new census

The Home Ministry has implemented new efforts, including as digital data processing and the use of geospatial technology, to enable efficient processing and prompt dissemination of data.
The study states that pre-census mapping operations would be carried out, including the creation and updating of maps that display administrative units.
Interactive web-based maps will be used to distribute the results of the census.

International Relations

Our India in G20 Presidency

Post author By balancedreport
Post date November 10, 2022

The G20 presidency of India officially began on December 1 after the unveiling of the country’s logo, website, and theme by the Indian government. One Earth, One Family, One Future was Modi’s rallying cry, which was aptly emphasised by the phrase “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam.”

G20?

The G20 is a global organisation that was founded in 1999 by the leaders of 20 of the world’s largest economies.
The European Union and 19 of the largest economies in the world are included.
More than 80% of the world’s GDP, 75% of trade, and 60% of the population are represented by its members.
The leaders of the G20 nations occasionally take part in summits to address the topics or challenges that affect the world.
India has been a G20 member since the group’s founding in 1999.

Current Global scenario and India’s G20 Presidency

War between Russia and the west: It must however take into account a complex geopolitical situation, including increased hostility between the US and China and tensions between the G7 and Russia over the conflict in Ukraine.

India’s attempts to practice meditation: The recent admonition from PM Modi to President Putin that “now is not the time for conflict” is rooted in the values of nonviolence and peace that are part of the Buddha and Gandhian legacies.

Energy crisis: Developmental priorities must come first. It will be necessary to find common ground on disagreements on energy diversification and the newest trade and technological challenges.

Economic crisis: Stagflation in the US, China, and Europe poses a threat to the prognosis for the world economy. An key requirement is macroeconomic and trade policy coherence.

Disruptions in the supply chain: Modi promoted collaboration on three crucial issues—trusted source, transparency, and time frame—at the “Global Supply Chain Resilience” meeting in October 2021. He mentioned the disruption of supply chains brought on by the Ukraine issue at the SCO Summit this year, as well as the severe energy and food shortages.

India’s Stand

Growing economy and rising stature: India’s G20 leadership corresponds with its rising stature and rapid economic growth rate, as well as its growing confidence.

Growingly important to the developing world is the nation’s outstanding performance with the Unified Payments Interface (UPI), Direct Benefits Transfer, and Aadhaar authentication in welfare systems.

Vaccine TRIPS waiver requests: The CoWIN platform’s adoption improved vaccine equity and accessibility. India has argued persuasively in favour of a TRIPS waiver to guarantee fair access to vaccine production.

SAGAR and Blue Economy: The G20 may take notice of India’s recent international initiatives, such as SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in The Region), “blue economy,” “clean oceans,” and infrastructure that is disaster-resistant.

India as true climate leader: PM Modi’s “Panchamrit” announcements at COP26, including net zero by 2070, 500 GW of non-fossil energy capacity by 2030, 50% of energy needs met by renewable sources by 2030, a reduction of 1 billion tonnes of carbon emissions by 2030, and a reduction of the carbon intensity of the Indian economy to less than 45% by 2030, established India as a climate leader.

@the-end

The broadest and most vulnerable constituency, notably in South Asia, should be represented by India’s presidency. This has the potential to significantly enhance the economic integration of South Asia, which is so important for India’s progress.